How conservative the Japanese people really is? And the government?

They don’t have the value that “guys must be macho.”

In the old era, gay relationships were very common and were even praised among the privileged social classes, such as Samurai and monks.

They don’t have the so-called “couple culture” seen in many Western countries.

Why does a college girl cover her face with a scarf in Bangalore?

This is a very vague question. But considering the asker’s comment on Mr. Nakajima’s answer, your interest seems to be in sex-related matters (I don’t think it’s the only indicator of conservative/ progressive, though).

I sometimes feel people from the West are obsessed with those “gender” and “sex” things too much. Let’s think about something else sometimes. It’s unhealthy.

Visual-kei

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They don’t bring around their mates everywhere, which means they don’t worry about being single, gay, or whatever because no one cares about whom others are having/ not having sex with.

Yaoi

They were very similar to the bromance of today but accompanied by sexual intercourse.

What does a passable feminine crossdresser look like?

Moreover, buff guys are often avoided for their narcissism.

I’ve heard it’s always the male side that is expected to take a move in some countries. It’s not the case in Japan.

It’s very common for a girl/ woman to ask a boy/ man to be her boyfriend.

Why do US military soldiers/officers have a chest full of medal ribbons when they probably haven't been in a combat situation? Are the medals for attendance, good behaviour, or long service perhaps?

They don’t tease or beat up cross-dressed people on the road.

How do you see these below?

We don’t instantly tie it with sex when a father and his very young daughter are taking a bath together.

How do I write a character’s physical description without it feeling unnatural and clunky? I’m able to describe their hair and body relatively easily because my writing puts emphasis on small movements and fidgeting, but I can’t describe faces.

“None of my business” is the common attitude.